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Nanoscale crystalline structures such as fullerenes, nanotubes, quantum dots, and crystalline nanowires are creating rapid innovation in the area of computational nanotechnology. Nanov.com is a development phase site that focuses on these nanotechnology innovations.
Nanotechnology is the ability to create things by sequentially positioning
small numbers of atoms and micro-scale materials. Nanoscale control allows one
to assemble ground-breaking elements and forms with properties that are superior
to those formed using regular means. However, it will likely be prohibitively
laborious to generate something by manually positioning particular atoms.
Thus, nanotechnology commonly involves the formation of micro-environmental
conditions under which nanoparticles or alternative nanostructures will assemble
themselves. In some respects, self-assembly is similar to the
reproductive aspect of life science organisms. However, inorganic structures
such as crystals additionally self compile under the proper conditions.
Nanotech electronic circuits might be grown like crystals rather than manually
assembled one atom at a time.
The discipline of nanotechnology includes the mixing of numerous basic sciences and practical disciplines. It engages the material sciences of physics, chemistry, composites science and engineering. It also engages life sciences such as biology, genetics, genetics, medicine (including various specialties such as oncology, radiology, and orthopedics) and pharmacology. Further, it extends into electronic processors, computer science, data science and telecommunications.
Nanotechnology coverings are already being used to make clothing with stain-resistant fibers. Nanotech powders are already being used to formulate high-performance sun-screen creams. Nanoparticles are already helping to deliver medicines to focused tissues within the body. Additional applications are underway in the locations of: biomedical diagnosis and treatments; genetics; higher discovery of biological compounds; cosmetics; aerospace and transportation industries; security, protection, and environmental protection; electronic processors, data processors and transmission; energy production, retention, and illumination; and production and product creation. Also see -- Nanogist. Nanotechnology has shifted from abstraction to reality with the development of implements such as the Atomic Force Microscope (AFM), the Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM), and the Virtual Surface Profiling Microscope (VSPM). These microscopes do more than just let people see small products. They furthermore enable alignment of substance on a perspective of nanometers in a vacuum, liquid or gas. The AFM has a probe that creates three-dimensional images of individual atoms and molecules at the nanoscale plane as it moves across an object’s veneer. STMs can etch surfaces and move particles on perspective of nanometers. Even more better machines for nano size growth and nanoparticle assembly are under discovery.
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Nanomanufacturing is the discovery and manufacturing of matter, devices, electronics, and different merchandise at the atomic or nanoscale level by: (1) direct manipulation of particular atoms and molecules with tools such as the Atomic Force Microscope; or (2) indirect assembly of atoms and molecule into nanocrystalline designs (such as nanotubes, nanoshells, and nanocircles) through directed chemical reactions in engineered micro-environments. Currently, the majority of commercial nanotechnology goods are generated through method two, but method one has the capability for production with much greater flexibility and quickness in the long run. Related Virtual Chips. A nanomachine is an extremely little human-made electromechanical device that is manufactured on the atomic or atomic plane to perform specific functions. Nanoscale mechanical gears, joints and layered polymers create tiny arms and legs by which nanomachines will generally propagate and accomplish applications. Nanosensors and information processors enable them to sense and respond to heat, illumination, chemicals, surfaces, sounds and alternative environmental stimuli. Nanobots are a higher-order form of nano-machines that will likely adapt to their biosphere, work synergistically in the direction of a common goal, and even proliferate. Currently, replication is an optional attribute that is characteristic of just the most sophisticated nano-bots and not portion of the base definition for nanobots. Nanomachines are being produced, but true nanobots remain in the realm of science fiction.
Modern biomedical devices (such as pacemakers, computerized artificial limbs, implanted joints, endoscopic lasers, and cardiovascular grafts) alter the human body (on a macroscale) that would have been hard for people to imagine a hundred years ago. In the future, will nanobiotechnology alter the human body (on a nanoscale) in ways that we cannot now imagine? Are viruses more like little nanomachines than more intricate living organisms and thus best fought by various nanomachines formed by humans? Related Center for Interdisciplinary Nanotechnology Research. If someone from the middle ages were to observe an automobile directing without any creature pulling it, or watch images and sounds coming from a television without any visible source, they might think that the automobile and television are themselves “alive.” We, nevertheless, accustomed to engines and electronic processors, view the automobile and television as inanimate “things” -- intelligently-designed “things,” but “things” notwithstanding. Nanotechnology will probably lead to the production of smart composites that modification shape and function in reaction to natural conditions and user commands. If we were to watch a futuristic vehicle that modifies configuration to go on land, in the air, or through water, or a robotic arm that reaches up within a patient’s vein to capture a blood clot, how will we view such things? Would we view them as “alive” (like our middle age counterparts) or would we grow accustomed to nanotech things that modification shape? Also interesting, Link Virtual. Nanotechnology has the capacity to completely revolutionize the electronics industry. Nanomachines will potentially some day make machine circuits from the “bottom up” -- one atom at a time. This would make possible the manufacturing of nanochips on a much smaller dimension than chips made with contemporary “top down” etching techniques. Nanocrystalline processes will generally additionally be used to grow electronics pieces. For example: (1) carbon nanotubes grown in guided micro-environments will likely have super-conductive properties; and (2) nanowires as miniature as strings of atoms may be grown like crystals and then assembled into circuits. Circuits assembled atom-by-atom or grown using nanocrystalline techniques will be much tinier, lighter, efficient, cooler, stronger, and faster than circuits made with standard manufacturing processes.
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Nanotechnology furthermore has several uses in the formation, conveyance, preservation and transformation of energy. Generators comprised of a myriad of nanosize generators working together will likely construct energy with higher efficiency than generators with larger scale parts. Nanoceramic insulation may reduce energy loss through sending wires and prolong battery life. Nanomotors recreate energy into action with less friction than macro-scale motors. Nanolubricants make macroscale motors more energy efficient. Nanophotonic cells efficiently recreate electricity to beam or beam into energy. Related HP Labs - Quantum Science Research. In the telecommunications business, nanotechnology will play an important role in the coming years particularly with respect to fiber optics. Nanocrystalline substances will generally be made with finer resolution than standard fibers for improved optic cables, switches, lenses and junctions. In telecommunications more regularly, the domains of nanotechnology and holotechnology will overlap in the design of the projection screens and user interfaces of the next generations of holographic cell phones, “Holographones,” and televisions, “HoloTVs.”
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There are most promise applications for nanotechnology in the fields of protection, protection and natural safety. Nanomachines with sensors and nanoscale modifiers may identify and neutralize chemical toxins and biologic hazards. Nanomembranes will generally filter and remove toxins from the air and water. Hazardous matter will generally be deconstructed into harmless parts by carefully-controlled nano-bots. Nanosensors can be used for security and surveillance systems, but this should be accompanied by legal safeguards to avoid abuses. Also interesting, :: Omicron NanoTechnology GmbH ::. Nanotechnology chips with biosensors may mark genes, guide drug discovery, monitor body functioning, and identify biological and chemical pathogens. Implanted nanochips may perform these functions continuously, even deep within the human body, but there are barriers. For example, the body tends to coat and isolate foreign items -- breaking the contact with body fluids and tissues that nanochips need to collect information about the body. Scientists are seeking current ways to prevent or circumvent this coating action so that implantable nanochips will likely perform functions, such as continuous glucose monitoring, for longer periods of time. There are favorable products and services of nanotechnology in the discipline of orthopedics. Grafts of natural bone will likely carry medical conditions or trigger immune rejection by the host. If one sterilizes the bone to reduce the chances of pathology, then this can weaken the bone. Artificial bone cement without nanotechnology will likely work for small applications, but tends to not have sufficient strength for load-bearing bone replacement. However, virtual bone paste made with nanoceramic particles shows considerable promise for bone repair and replacement, even in load-bearing usages.
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